Safety appliance for railways.



PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

J. 1'. ANDREW. SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR BAILWAYS.

AFPLIGLIIOH FILED APR. 28. 1908.

3 BHEETS-BHEET 1.

z M n g ILL; lflomuas;

.50. 897,864.' PATBNTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

. J. T. ANDREW.

SAFETY APPLIANCE FOB BAILWAYS.

LIPLIOATIOI FILED A21. 28, 1908.

I BHBETHKZET 3.

JAMES T. ANDREW, ()l" Blf IITGCFXlEI-lY, ALABAMA;

SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR EAELWAYS.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jam-2s T. lxmtnw, a citizen of theLnited States,residing at Montgomery, in the county of- .\Iontgomer v and htate ofAlabama. have invented certain new and useful improvements in SafetyAppliances for Railways; and I do hereby 'declare the following to be afull, clear, and-exact description of the inventiomsuchfs will enable jothers skilled in the'art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to improvements in safety appliances for rail oadcars. and the object o my invention is to provid a means whereby thederailment-of a train, with the injurious effects arising therefrom,shall be rendered practically impossible, this application being: in thenature of an improvement upon my former applications Serial No. 349,727,filed September 2751906. and Serial X0. 389,562, tiled August 21-, 1907.

A further object of my invention is to simplify and to cheapen thestructure heretofore applied to existing railroad equipments, and at thesame time to renderthe same. more reflective in action.

A further object of my invention is to provide a means by which theoperation of the air brake system is rendered more certain in the caseof a derailment, and a signal is given.

To these ends my invention consists in the novel combination of partsmore fully hcreinafter described and pzn-ticularly pointed out in theclaims. I

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this siecitication in which like numerals refer to like parts in all the View:-Figure 1, reoresents aside elevational view of a portion 0 atruck withmy invention applied thereto. Fig. 2, is an end elevation of the samepartly in section. Fig. 35, represents a car axle with aihalf sleeve ofmy axle tube in position. Fig. 4, a perspective View of one of mysafetybeam supports.

' Fig. 5, is a. sectional elevational view of the back of the journalbox looking out ward. and illustrating a modification of my safetyroller and frame attachment. Fig. 6, is a sectional elevational View onthe line (5-6 of Fig. '2, looking in the direction of the arrow showingthe main truck springs in elevation. Fig. 7, is a diagrammatic viewshowing in full lines m means for operatingthe valves of. the V\estiughouseair brake system.

1, represents the rails; 2 the axles of an ordinary car truck; 3, thewheels; and 4, the

i Specification of Letters Patent.

I Application filed. April 28, 1908.

Patented Sept. s, 1908.

Serial No. 4:29.785.

journal boxes. :3, the ordinary pedestals of a car truck: and 6 the ejpializer beams.

Secured t the journal box by means of the straps T. is the safety frame5. which is scrured to the equalizer beam by the bolts 9,

and to the pedestals by'the slip be i0. in tlussalcty frame 8. is carriethe ='-a5tyroller 11, the. frame being p'rm'ided with downwardlydepending curved projections 12, forming an open cylinder bearing: forthe reception of t "rid roller, thereby forming in reality a c .icalsafety frame. The roller 11 is provid .i on its inner end with anintegral collar 1 "Yfl on its outer end with a removable collar 14.there being a cotter pin 15. passing through the end of the roller 11,to hold the collar l-i in place.

ln'assembling these parts, the roller is placed in the open cylinderhearing, as shown, before the safety frame is secured to the journalbox, pedestals and equalize beam, and the cotter pin p ed through thehole in the end of the roller provided for that purpose. 'lien in placethis roller 'will stand about three inches above. the top of the rail.and the open cylinder being larger than said roller. will allow the sameto rise about; one half an inch shouid contact with the rail ocrur. any:for a pn pose to be described hereinafter.

On the car axle 2 between the wheels 3, I

place a slcex'e 13 madein halves. provided with lugs 19. taperedfjournalbearings 20, and with shoulders 21, all as shown. Outliebearings 20, arethe safety wheels 22, hating double flanges 23 and 24. These wheels maybe either split wheels. or made in one piece. In either case the flanges23 are more tapered than the flanges 24, for a purpose that willpresently appear. The lugs 19 serve to secure the halves of the sleevetoaxle ()rer eafth sleeye 1 scoured two of my safety beam supports '25,and these supports are provided with the straps 26; ens

'gether. and to make the, same rigid with the circling said sleeve andhaving the. bolts 27 upper end of these beam supports 25 is secured tothe front cross beam 29 of the truck; and the rear upper end is securedto the cen ter bolster trialling-3t) of the truck by means of a safetyband 3t, which encircles the main truck spring casings 32, and theirconnections, as clearly shown in Fig. 6.

50 contacting with the tops of the rails.

Extending between the journal box 4 and The wheel 3, is a plunger rod35, passing through guides 36. This rod. at the upper end actuates aphuiger 37 which controls a 5 valve 37 in the casing 33, on the end ofthe pipe 39, which connects with the train line of the air piping 40,which operates the brakes. This piping 40 is also provided with thevalve levers -11, having the connections -12, with the levers 43,pivoted at 44 to the car body, and extending into the path of the wheels22 for a purpose that will be presently explained. The safety and signallevers 43, are also provided with the connections 15 leading to thelever 46 of the engineers and conductor's whistle signal 47, having thewell known pipe connection 48 with the cab of the engine.

In the modification shown in Fig. 5, in-

2b stead of employing the straps 7, as illustrated in Fig. 2, forsecuring my cylindrical safety frame. to the journal box, 1 cast thesame integral with said journal box as shown. That is to say. the lowerbearing 50, in mv 5 safety frame for the car journal, which comes intoplay 111 case of an accident, is cast integral with the box 51, asshown.

In both forms of my invention the lower end of the rod is provided witha suit ably 39 shaped shoe 49, with which the collar 13 of the roller 11contacts.

The operation of my safety appliance is as follows z-Vfhen the flange ofa wheel 3. rises "to cross a rail 1, during a derailment of the 5 train,the safety roller 11 on the one side and the safety wheel 2'3 on theother, of uccessit y hkewiserises; and a roller on one side of the truckand a wheel 22 on the other side of the truck moves toward the rails,and of neces- 4o slty contacts therewith when the flanges ot the wheel 3have crossed the rails and fall onof the rails before the flanges of thewheels 3 reach the spikes or ties, so that the train for the time bemwill be supported by reason of one of the rollers 11, on one side, andone of the wheels 22 on the other side of the truck In the meantime, oneof the safety brake and signal levers 43, which are pivoted. to the carbody, is struck by one of the wheels 22, as it is carfried to one sideor the other of the track. and

: the air brakes are applied, and the engineer's whistle blown throughthe connections shown. In addition to this. since the roller 11 has avertical motion in its open cylinder bearing formed by the rejections 12it will.

a when itoontacts with t to top of the rail, rise in-said bearing andstrike the shoe on, the rod 35, thereby opening the valve37andatfordinga continuous additional means for apply- 0 the brakes.

he flanges 23 of the wheels 22 are made ,rious sizes, and if it werenecessa order to render more certain the engagementof the treads of thewheels 22 with the top of the rail, as is apparent from the drawings, Inother words, by beveling the flange 23, it is caused. when it strikesthe outer edge of the rail, to exert a wedging action, and to insure thethrowing of the flange of the wheel 3 sufficiently outward to preventsaid latter flange from shcaving the bolts and spikes of the track withwhich itmight otherwise come in contact. An additional advantage inbeveling said flange 23, is found in the fact that it forces the trucksufficiently to one side to insure that the roller 11 on the oppositeside of the truck will be thrown far enough for its flange 13 to clearthe rail and to bring the tread of said roller firmly into contact withthe upper surface of said rail.

An important feature of my invention re;- sides in the constructionembodying the sleeve 18; for axles now in use are of vato provide eachof the same with journa s for my safety wheels, not only would the timeeonsumed be great, but the cost would also be an important item. Byemploying my sleeve 18, however, I am enabled at any time to apply it toany existing axle. by the simple expedient of employing liners orwashers to make the sleeve fit said axle, and can at once secure it inplace by the fastening means shown. After the sleeve is once in place,it furthermore serves to hold the two arts of the axle together shouldthe same ecome broken, and thereby obviate a most fruitful outer journalbreaks. thereby preventing any portion of the truck from dropping to theand in place should it break. the above. as snown in Fig. 6, the twoinner ends of each pair of safety beams 25, are joined by the safetybands 251, which encircle the main truck spring casings 32. as abovestated, and this structure in-casc of an accident to any portion of thespring equipment prevents the same from coming down to the track. andconsequently obviates another fruitful cause of wrecks atthe presentday. Furthermore, by providing the additional safety brake ap lynigmeans 35. 37 etc., and the signal sounriitw means 45, 46 etc., I have,in case of an accident, two means for autotr'ack; as well as serving tohold the axle up In additton'toi in .rnals on their-ends; safetymatically setting the brakes, and, also, a third means of notifying theengineer.

"hat I claim is:

1. In a car truck, the combination of a wheel axle, and a sleeveencircling said axle and provided with journals at each end and safetywheels mounted on said journals, sub stantially as described.

2. In a car truck, the combination of the ordinary wheels and an axle,and a split sleeve encircling said axle and provided with safety wheelsat its ends, substantially as described.

3. In a car truck, the combination of theordinary wheels and an axle,and a split sleeve encircling said axle'having journals and providedwith safety wheels at its ends .on said journals and a'sal'ety beamsupport resting on said sleeve, whereby said sleeve will assist inholding the two parts of the axle together should it break, and wherebysaid safety beam will serve to brace the truck, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a. cartruck, the combination with the ordinary wheels and an axle,of a split sleeve surrounding said axle between said wheels, providedwith safety wheels at its ends; and a plurality of safety beam supportsloosely encircling said sleeve and serving to brace the truck,substantially as de-' scribed.

6. In a car truck rovided with main truck springs, the com ination withthe ordinary wheels and axles of sleeves surrounding vaid axles; safetybeam supports loosel encircling said sleeves, and extendin IODgPtudinally of the car; and a safety ban 31 encircling said springs andjoining opposing ends of said supports, substantially as des-tribed.

7. In a car truck provided with main truck s rings, the combination withthe ordina y w eels and axles; of snlit sleeves surroriding said axles,and rovided with am supports secured at one end t 'the front cross beamof the truck, and at the other end to the center bolster framing of tlresame, loosely encircling said sleeves, and extending longitudinallv ofthe car; and a safety band 31 en circling said springs and joiningopposing ends of said supports, substantially as described.

'8. In a car truck having the orllinary wheels and axle, thecombinationof sleeve surrounding said axle and provided with safety wheels insidesaid ordinary wheels; and safety rollers on theoutside-of said ordinewwheels, whereby said sleeve is adapted to hold and support the ends ofsaid axle should it break, and whereby one of said safety wheels and oneof said rollers will contact with the top of the rails when the carleaves the track, substantially as described.

9. In a car truck provided with the ordinary wheels and axle, thecombination of a split sleeve provided with journals surrounding saidaxle; safety wheels fitted to said journals; safety frames outside saidordinary wheels; and safety rollers in said frames, subnt-ially asdescribed.

is. In a car truck provided with the ordinary wheels and axle, thecombination of a split sleeve rovided with journals surrounding said axe; safety wheels fitted to said journals; safety'frames, provided withcylindrical bearings, outside said ordinary wheels; and safety rollersin the bearings of said frar'ncs, substantially as described.

11. In a car truck provided with the ordinary wheels and axle, and withthe ordin ry pedestals and equalizer beams, the combiner tion of safetyframes secured to said 3 edestals and beams and provided with cylir.lrical bearings: safety rollers in said bearin 's,' on the outside ofsaid wheels; and add. ional safety wheels cooperating with said r llers,substantially as described.

12. In a car truck emploving a journal box and provided with theordinary wheels and t axle and with the usual pedestals, the combinationof a safety frame integral with said journal box and provided with abearing; a safetv roller in said bearing; and a safety wheel cooieratingwith said safety roller, substantially as described.

13. In a car truck provided with the usual wheels and axle, thecombination of a sleeve surrounding said axle; a pair of safety wheels0'1 said sleeve inside said usual wheels and giovided with the outerbeveled flanges 23, and the safety rollers outside said usual wheels,provided with collars 13, substantially as described.

14. In a car truck provided with the usual wheels and axle, thecombination of a s lit sleeve surrounding said axle; a pair of sa etywheels on said sleeve inside said usual u heels and provided with theouter beveled flanges 23, inclined treads and flanges 24; s ifetiframes; and safety rollers outside said usu wheels carried b said safetyframes, and provided with col ars 13, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

Janus T. ANDREW.

Witnesses:

Geo. A. Brnyz, W. Max. Durham.

